class 10 social

Approved by the Government of Nepal, Ministry of Education Curriculum Development Centre (CDC), Sanothimi, Bhaktapur, Nepal. Readmore SOCIAL STUDIES Revised and Updated 2077 10GRADE Author Matrika Pd. Lamsal

Published by TU Road, Kuleshwor, Kathmandu, Nepal. Phone: 4672071, 5187211, 5187226 Fax: 00977-1-4672073 E-mail: readmorenepal6@gmail.com www.readmorenp.com © Copyright: Publisher 2075 BS No part of this book (maps, symbols, illustrations, etc.) may be reproduced or transmitted by any means, electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. Any breach of this condition will entail legal action and prosecution. First Edition : 2075 BS Revised and Updated Edition : 2076 BS Revised and Updated Edition : 2077 BS Language Editor Special Thanks to: Layout Ishwar Mani Lamsal Readmore Desktop Ganesh Dhakal Kiran Thapa Krishna Pd. Parajuli Grishma Rajbhandari Shyam Sunder Lamichhane Suren Shakya Tek Nath Poudel Jagat Prasad Bhattarai Sanjeev Rai Dilip Acharya Badri Bdr. Chauhan Purshottam Khanal Som Chaulagain Prakash Khanal Printed in Nepal You can exchange this book from your nearest book shop if any binding errors are found. Read to help others read ! We are pleased to inform that a certain amount from each book is allocated to the Charity Fund. The fund is provided to deserving and needy students all over Nepal. The charity always welcomes co-operation and support from all well wishers and agencies.

About The Book Social Studies is a graded series of books for school children. The Secondary Level series consists of two books suitable for classes IX and X. This series is prepared especially for the children of English medium schools of Nepal. It is an appropriately planned graded series fulfilling the needs of students and teachers in the changing situation of our country and the world. Salient features of the book: The entire curriculum has been divided into 9 units as specified by the Curriculum Development Centre, Government of Nepal. Each unit consists of lessons covering the entire curriculum and additional materials. Every lesson has been supplemented with suitable pictures and illustrations. This book includes informative colourful maps of the continents so that students can easily get information about the physical features and other characteristics of the continents. Outline maps of all the continents are also included in the book so that students can evaluate their knowledge themselves. The related provisions of the Constitution of Nepal, prevailing rules and regulations have been presented in a simplified manner. New topics like Human Resource Development, Provinces of Nepal, Sustainable Development, Ongoing Development Projects in Nepal, Contemporary Development Goals, Universal Brotherhood, Responsibility Towards the Senior Citizens, Rights of Women and Indigenous Nationalities, Citizen Identity and Citizenship, Cooperative and Its Economic Importance, Finance Education, Insurance, Revenue and Tax Collection, Consumers’ Rights, Globalization and Localization, etc have been given special attention. The contents of the lessons are simple with lucid language and edited by expert language editors. The latest accurate data are included in all the lessons. These series are appropriately illustrated books reflecting the socio-economic and cultural side of Nepal. Special attention has been given to social, ethnic and geographical diversity, gender equality and secularism. Sufficient evaluation exercises are given in each and every lesson according to the objectives of the curriculum. Activities, exercises and enough community and project works have been given in each lesson. Key terms have been highlighted in each lesson to make the students understand the lesson easily. I would like to express my sincere thanks to the principals and teachers who have recommended Social Studies book to their students and schools. I am confident that these books will be able to fulfill the objectives set forth by CDC/GoN. I highly appreciate the opinion and constructive suggestions from the teachers and intellectuals. – Author

Table of Contents UNIT 1. WE AND OUR SOCIETY Pages 1. Human Resource Development 7 2. Human Development Index and Nepal 13 3. Concept of Regional Development and Federalism 19 4. Provinces of Nepal 25 UNIT 2. DEVELOPMENT AND INFRASTRUCTURES OF DEVELOPMENT 1. Sustainable Development 44 2. Ongoing Development Projects in Nepal 47 3. Infrastructure of Development: Skilled Human Resource and Employment Opportunity 51 4. Contemporary Development Goals and Nepal 55 5. Formulation of Development Proposal at Local Level 60 UNIT 3. OUR SOCIAL VALUES AND NORMS 1. Our National Heritages 64 2. Folk Songs of Nepal 72 3. Folk Musical Instruments of Nepal 76 4. Folk and Classical Dances of Nepal 82 5. Our National Days 87 6. International Personalities 91 7. Universal Brotherhood 95 8. Responsibility Towards the Senior Citizens 98 UNIT 4. SOCIAL PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS 1. Human Trafficking: A Social Problem 102 2. Domestic Violence and Untouchability 106 3. Some Bad Customs 109 4. Roles Played by the International Organizations 112 5. Identification of Social Problems and Problem Solving Skills 116 UNIT 5. CIVIC AWARENESS 1. Legislature 119 2. Executive 125 3. Judiciary 133 4. Constitutional Bodies 138 5. Other Constitutional Commissions 144 6. Political Parties 148 7. Election Process 153 8. Role of Citizens in the Election 159 9. Human Rights and National and International Agencies 162 10. Rights of Women and Indigenous Nationalities 167 11. Citizen Identity and Citizenship 170 UNIT 6. OUR EARTH 175 181 1. Climates of the World 2. Tropical Zone/